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MS SQL Server Versions Explained

This guide explains how SQL Server versions and editions differ, and how to find out which one you have.

Databases2 min read7 steps

What is a version?

MS SQL Server is a database program from Microsoft. A database stores and organises information for apps and websites. Microsoft releases new versions of it every few years. Each new version adds features and fixes problems.

Main versions

Versions are named after the year they came out. Some well-known ones are:

VersionShort note
SQL Server 2008 / 2008 R2Very old. No longer supported by Microsoft.
SQL Server 2012 and 2014Old. Support has ended.
SQL Server 2016Added features such as Always Encrypted and Query Store.
SQL Server 2017First version that runs on Linux.
SQL Server 2019Added big data and speed improvements.
SQL Server 2022Newer features, including more cloud links.

Check Microsoft's website for the latest support dates. They change over time.

Editions

An edition is a package of one version with a certain set of features and limits.

  • Enterprise: all features, for large and busy systems.
  • Standard: core features for small and medium businesses.
  • Web: made for web hosting, only offered through hosting providers.
  • Express: free, with limits on database size and memory. Good for learning and small apps.
  • Developer: free, has all Enterprise features, but only for building and testing.

Check your version

  1. Open SQL Server Management Studio and connect to your server.
  2. Click New Query.
  3. Type this command:
SELECT @@VERSION;

It shows the full version, edition and build number in one line of text.

Which one should you pick?

  1. Learning or testing: Express or Developer.
  2. A small live website: Express or Standard, depending on size.
  3. Large, important systems: Standard or Enterprise.
  4. Choose a version that Microsoft still supports. Supported versions get security fixes.

Upgrading

Moving to a newer version is called an upgrade. Always back up all databases first. Test your app on the new version before you switch the live site. Ask Hostvento support what is available on your plan.

Tip: Old versions are not safe forever. When support ends, no new security fixes come out.

Quick recap

  • Versions are named by year, such as 2019 or 2022.
  • Editions decide features and limits.
  • Run SELECT @@VERSION; to see what you have.
  • Choose a version that is still supported.
  • Back up before any upgrade.